White rumped shama5/1/2023 ![]() Personally, I provide the following mixture, as seen on the image. In Asia, their habitat is dense undergrowth especially in bamboo forests. They feed on insects in the wild, but in captivity they may be fed on a diet of boiled, dried legumes with egg yolk and raw meat. They also make a 'Tck' call in alarm or when foraging. Its voice is loud and clear, with a variety of phrases, and often mimics other birds. The voice of this species is rich and melodious which made them popular as cage birds in South Asia with the tradition continuing in parts of Southeast Asia. This species is exploited for the cage-bird trade and has declined to near-extinction in some countries within its range (Collar 2005). If the male is unsuccessful, the female will threaten the male, gesturing with the mouth open. This is followed by a rising and falling flight pattern by both sexes. During courtship, males pursue the female, alight above the female, give a shrill call, and then flick and fan out their tail feathers. In South Asia, they breed from January to September but mainly in April to June laying a clutch of four or five eggs in a nest placed in the hollow of tree. The territories include a male and female during the breeding season with the males defending the territory averaging 0.09 ha in size, but each sex may have different territories when they are not breeding. The White-rumped Shama is shy and somewhat crepuscular but very territorial. In Asia, their habitat is dense undergrowth especially in bamboo forests. In Hawaii, they are common in valley forests or on the ridges of the southern Ko'olaus, and tend to nest in undergrowth or low trees of lowland broadleaf forests. They have been introduced to Taiwan where they are considered an invasive species, eating native insect species and showing aggression towards native bird species. They have been introduced to Kaua'i, Hawai'i, in early 1931 from Malaysia (by Alexander Isenberger), and to O'ahu in 1940 (by the Hui Manu Society). Their popularity as a cage bird has led to many escaped birds establishing themselves. It tends to prefer undergrowth and shady ravines, where it forages on the ground and in the lower strata for arthropods, also taking worms and berries (Collar 2005). This species inhabits lowland tropical moist forest, swamp forest, overgrown tree plantations, secondary jungle, mangroves and forest clearings, from sea-level to 1500 m in Thailand, but more usually to 500-600 m. Native to densely vegetated habitats in the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, its popularity as a cage-bird and songster has led to it being introduced elsewhere. stricklandii).Ībove: handfeeding a white-rumped shama, adult male The last two are sometimes regarded as a separate species, the white-crowned shama ( C. Race mirabilis from the Sunda Strait, melanurus from northwestern Sumatra, opisthopelus, javanus, omissus, ochroptilus, abbotti, eumesus, suavis (Borneo), nigricauda, stricklandii and barbouri are the other island forms. Race tricolor is found in the Sumatra, Java, Banka, Belitung and Karimata islands. Southern China has race minorwhile mallopercnus is found in the Malay peninsula. Race interpositus from southwester Asia-China to Myanmar, Thailand and the Mergui Archipelago. Race indicus is found in the northern parts of India. Race albiventris is found in the Andaman Islands and now usually considered a distinct species, the Andaman shama. ![]() ![]() The nominate race is found in the Western Ghats and parts of southern India while leggei is found in Sri Lanka. The global population size has not been quantified, but it is believed to be large as the species is described as common in at least parts of its range (Robson 2000). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern (IUCN, 2012). ![]() The population size has not been quantified, but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). This species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 30% decline over ten years or three generations). The White-rumped Shama is a small passerine bird of the family Muscicapidae. It was formerly classified as a member of the thrush family, Turdidae, causing it to be commonly known as the white-rumped shama thrush or simply shama thrush. White-rumped shama Kittacincla malabarica (Copsychus malabaricus) Shamalijster / Schamadrossel / Shama à croupion blanc
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